internet service providers

Internet service provider

Commons-emblem-question book orange.svg

This article or section needs references that appear in an accredited publication.

This notice was posted on December 28, 2012.

The Internet service provider (ISP) is the company that provides Internet connection to its customers. An ISP connects its users to the Internet through different technologies such as DSL, cable modem, GSM, dial-up, and so on.

Index

1 History

2 Types of ISP connections

2.1 Internet connections for residential users

2.2 Internet connections for medium or large companies

3 ISP Hosting

4 Some ISPs by country

5 See also

6 References

History

Internet connectivity options from the end user to the ISP Tier 3/2

Originally, to access the Internet you needed a university account or a government agency; that necessarily had to be authorized. The Internet began to accept commercial traffic in the early 1990s, but it was too limited and in a minimal amount compared to today. There was a small group of companies, called access points, that provided public access but were saturated once the traffic increased. The largest telecommunications companies began to provide private access. Small companies benefited from access to the network of large companies, but then, large companies began to charge for this access. All this around the mid-1990s, before the Internet exploded.

In 1995, MTI and AT & T began charging users a monthly income of around $ 20 USD. Businesses were increased this rate, since they had a faster and more reliable connection.

When the Internet suddenly evolved, ISPs were drastically challenged to update their infrastructure, technologies and increase their access points. The largest communications companies began to develop subsidiaries that focused on making the Internet a more accessible medium. Although the technology was updated, the web had to deal with more and more congestion.

The accesses were improved, so the use of Internet grew exponentially, leading to lower monthly prices of ISPs, although varying by country. In countries with few ISPs, which had a large monopoly, they used to charge more than in places where there is a real competitive situation, which prevents companies from raising their prices too much.

Types of connections of the ISPs

ISPs use a large number of technologies to allow each user to connect to their networks.

In general, the Internet connection modalities are classified as follows: 1

Telephone Access (Dial-Up)

Access by ADSL (Digital Asymmetric Subscriber Line, Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)

Access by Cablemódem (CATV: Community Antenna Television)

Access by Mobile Telephony Network

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)

HSDPA (High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access)

Wireless Access (850, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz)

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), wireless personal area network

Bluetooth

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), wireless local area network

Wifi

Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), wireless metropolitan area network

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)

LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Service)

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), wireless wide area network

UMTS

GPRS

EDGE

CDMA2000

GSM

CDPD

Mobitex

HSPA

3G

4G

5G

Satellite Access (DVB-S: Digital Video Broadcast - Satellital)

Fiber Optic Access (FTTH: Fiber to the Home)

Access by Electric Line (BPL: Broadband Power Line)

Internet connections for residential users

The typical Internet connections for residential users are:

Narrow band

Connection by dial-up or dial-up

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

Modem

Broadband

Digital subscriber line (DSL), usually of the asymmetric type or ADSL

Mobile bandwidth

Wireless broadband (Wi-Fi)

Cablemodem

Fiber To The Home (FTTH)

Internet connections for medium or large companies

The typical connections for medium or large companies are:

DSL

SHDSL

ADSL

Ethernet, Metro Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet

Frame Relay

ISDN

BRI

PRI

ATM

Satellite Internet

Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)

ISP Hosting

Main article: Internet hosting service

ISP Hosting are services that operate Internet servers, allowing organizations and individuals to upload content to it. There are different levels of services and various types of services offered.

This type of ISP offers servers, cloud servers, VPS, even physical servers where customers can run their own programs. These types of ISPs need many physical and virtual resources to be able to run optimally, so the bandwidth consumed also generates a cost.